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Based on the in-depth analysis of the defects of the existing traditional chair-side teaching and simulation examination for the oral residency training students, this paper designs an online typical case teaching module for teaching practice. After the teaching, the examination results reveal that the use of online teaching tool can improve the clinical thinking and decision-making ability, and strengthen the clinical thinking process. The questionnaire results show that most residents are satisfied with the online teaching. All in all, the online teaching mode in this study is conducive to increasing the breadth and depth of case teaching, facilitating the process and visualization of clinical thinking, and improving the clinical decision-making ability of the typical cases of the residency training students, so as to achieve the goal of training residents with great post competences.
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Preclinical studies have shown that metformin, an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) , can inhibit the growth of lymphoma cells without affecting the function of normal lymphocytes, promote the apoptosis of lymphoma cells and improve the tumor immune environment. Clinical studies have shown that metformin can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and prognosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) . Through the influence on glucose metabolism, it can improve blood glucose level and reduce the incidence of steroid diabetes. The main molecular mechanisms of metformin against NHL include activating AMPK in tumor cells, inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin signal, inhibiting key cholesterol synthesis, improving glucose metabolism, enhancing highly cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity and so on. Current research shows that metformin may become a new strategy for the treatment of NHL.
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Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is one of the most common glomerular diseases in children.Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is defined as no remission of nephrotic syndrome after daily Prednisone treatment at an adequate oral dose for 4 weeks, which is classified as idiopathic SRNS and inherited SRNS according to the presence or absence of monogenic disorder.At present, steroid combined with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) is preferred to idiopathic SRNS, and 50%-70% of children can achieve complete or partial remission.A small proportion of children with idiopathic SRNS and the majority of inherited SRNS may be resistant to different immunosuppressive agents with two different mechanisms, including CNI.They, unfortunately, gradually progress to end-stage renal disease within 5-10 years.In this paper, the therapeutic advances and future prospects in pediatric SRNS are reviewed.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and cystatin C (CysC) in degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease and its clinical application value.Methods One hundred and eighty patients with degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease who were treated in Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 2016 to June 2018 were selected as the study subjects,and another 82 healthy subjects from the same hospital in the same period were selected as the control group.Serum ADMA and CysC levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay.Risk factors of degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of serum ADMA and CysC for degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease was used by receiver operating characteristic curve.Results There were no significant differences in the general data between the two groups in terms of age,gender,body mass index,drinking history,smoking history,and history of hypertension (P＞ 0.05).The systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),heart rate (HR),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterin(LDL-C),CysC and ADMA levels of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group [(131.51 ± 19.09) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs.(126.48 ± 16.68) mmHg,(91.11 ± 16.35) mmHg vs.(86.89 ± 10.71) mmHg,(74.39 ± 15.22) beats/min vs.(70.09 ± 13.01)beats/min,(4.51 ± 1.12) mmol/L vs.(4.15 ± 0.92) mmol/L,(1.91 ± 0.63) mmol/L vs.(1.60 ± 0.65) mmol/L,(2.59 ± 1.13) mmol/L vs.(2.27 ± 0.85) mmol/L,(1.01 ± 0.22) mg/L vs.(0.79 ± 0.16) mg/L,(20.17 ± 6.38)ng/L vs.(11.88 ± 4.22) ng/L],and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),high density lipoprotein cholesterin (HDL-C) levels were significantly lower than those of the control group [(56.45 ± 9.21)％vs.(60.87 ± 10.02)％,(1.56 ± 0.63) mmol/L vs.(1.76 ± 0.62) mmol/L],there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that serum CysC and ADMA were independent risk factors for degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease (P ＜ 0.05).Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that area under curve (AUC) of serum CysC for degenerative valvular heart disease was 0.785,with a sensitivity of 71.67％,and a specificity of 73.17％.The AUC of serum ADMA for degenerative valvular heart disease was 0.862,with a sensitivity of 71.67％,and a specificity of 87.80％.The AUC of serum CysC combined with ADMA in the diagnosis of degenerative valvular heart disease was 0.910,with a sensitivity of 85.56％,and a specificity of 84.15％,which was significantly higher than the two alone (Z =4.897 and 3.335,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Serum ADMA is positively correlated with CysC in patients with degenerative valvular heart disease,and can be used as diagnostic serum markers for degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease.It has clinical reference value for improving the diagnosis of degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease.
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OBJECTIVE@#To develop a cell-based system for the diagnosis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency 1 (VKCFD1).@*METHODS@#In HEK293 cells stably expressing the reporter gene FIX-Gla-PC, the gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) gene was knocked out by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), DNA sequencing and Western blotting were used to identify the GGCX gene knockout cells. A quickchange point variant method was used to construct the GGCX variant. ELISA was used to assess the influence of GGCX variant on the activity of reporter gene.@*RESULTS@#Two monoclonal cell lines with no reporter activity by ELISA was identified. Edition and knockout of the GGCX gene was confirmed by DNA sequencing and Western blotting. The activity of the reporter gene was recovered by transfection of the wild-type GGCX gene. Thereby two monoclonal cells with GGCX knockout were obtained. By comparing the wild-type and pathogenic GGCX variants, the reporter activity was decreased in the pathogenic variants significantly.@*CONCLUSION@#A cell-based system for the detection of GGCX activity was successfully developed, which can be used for the diagnosis of VKCFD1 caused by GGCX variants.
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Objective@#To investigate the correlation between serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and cystatin C (CysC) in degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease and its clinical application value.@*Methods@#One hundred and eighty patients with degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease who were treated in Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 2016 to June 2018 were selected as the study subjects, and another 82 healthy subjects from the same hospital in the same period were selected as the control group. Serum ADMA and CysC levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. Risk factors of degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of serum ADMA and CysC for degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease was used by receiver operating characteristic curve.@*Results@#There were no significant differences in the general data between the two groups in terms of age, gender, body mass index, drinking history, smoking history, and history of hypertension (P>0.05). The systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterin(LDL-C), CysC and ADMA levels of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group [(131.51 ± 19.09) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (126.48 ± 16.68) mmHg, (91.11 ± 16.35) mmHg vs. (86.89 ± 10.71) mmHg, (74.39 ± 15.22) beats/min vs. (70.09 ± 13.01) beats/min, (4.51 ± 1.12) mmol/L vs. (4.15 ± 0.92) mmol/L, (1.91 ± 0.63) mmol/L vs. (1.60 ± 0.65) mmol/L, (2.59 ± 1.13) mmol/L vs. (2.27 ± 0.85) mmol/L, (1.01 ± 0.22) mg/L vs. (0.79 ± 0.16) mg/L, (20.17 ± 6.38) ng/L vs. (11.88 ± 4.22) ng/L], and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), high density lipoprotein cholesterin (HDL-C) levels were significantly lower than those of the control group [(56.45 ± 9.21)%vs. (60.87 ± 10.02)%, (1.56 ± 0.63) mmol/L vs. (1.76 ± 0.62) mmol/L], there were significant differences (P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that serum CysC and ADMA were independent risk factors for degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease (P<0.05). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that area under curve (AUC) of serum CysC for degenerative valvular heart disease was 0.785, with a sensitivity of 71.67%, and a specificity of 73.17%. The AUC of serum ADMA for degenerative valvular heart disease was 0.862, with a sensitivity of 71.67%, and a specificity of 87.80%. The AUC of serum CysC combined with ADMA in the diagnosis of degenerative valvular heart disease was 0.910, with a sensitivity of 85.56%, and a specificity of 84.15%, which was significantly higher than the two alone (Z=4.897 and 3.335, P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Serum ADMA is positively correlated with CysC in patients with degenerative valvular heart disease, and can be used as diagnostic serum markers for degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease. It has clinical reference value for improving the diagnosis of degenerative calcific aortic valvular disease.
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Objective@#To conduct a clinical analysis of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.@*Methods@#Clinical data of 115 elderly patients with or without diabetes mellitus undergone off-pump CABG from January 2012 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The impact of diabetes mellitus on the prognosis in elderly patients undergone off-pump CABG was analyzed.@*Results@#Compared with elderly non-diabetic patients, the incidences of pulmonary infection, perioperative myocardial infarction, neurological complications, psychiatric symptoms, low cardiac output syndrome, rethoracotomy, respiratory failure, arrhythmia, postoperative 30-day mortality, blood transfusion volume, mechanical ventilation time, postoperative 24-hour drainage volume, the length of hospital stay and large doses of dopamine usage(>10 μg·kg-1·min-1)increased lightly in elderly diabetic patients after off-pump CABG, but the difference had no statistical significance(all P>0.05). The incidences of postoperative renal insufficiency and incision complications were higher in elderly diabetic patients than in elderly non-diabetic patients(χ2=3.736、1.237, P=0.021、0.037).@*Conclusions@#Off-pump CABG is safe and effective for elderly diabetic patients if their blood glucose levels are controlled reasonably well.
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Objective To conduct a clinical analysis of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods Clinical data of 115 elderly patients with or without diabetes mellitus undergone off-pump CABG from January 2012 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The impact of diabetes mellitus on the prognosis in elderly patients undergone off-pump CABG was analyzed.Results Compared with elderly non-diabetic patients,the incidences of pulmonary infection,perioperative myocardial infarction,neurological complications,psychiatric symptoms,low cardiac output syndrome,rethoracotomy,respiratory failure,arrhythmia,postoperative 30-day mortality,blood transfusion volume,mechanical ventilation time,postoperative 24-hour drainage volume,the length of hospital stay and large doses of dopamine usage (＞10μg · kg-1 · min-1)increased lightly in elderly diabetic patients after off-pump CABG,but the difference had no statistical significance (all P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of postoperative renal insufficiency and incision complications were higher in elderly diabetic patients than in elderly nondiabetic patients(x2 =3.736、1.237,P =0.021、0.037).Conclusions Off-pump CABG is safe and effective for elderly diabetic patients if their blood glucose levels are controlled reasonably well.
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Objective To explore the clinical features of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) combined with solid malignant neoplasms. Methods The clinical data of 8 CML patients with solid malignant neoplasms who were admitted to the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, the Central Hospital of Nanyang City, the First Affiliated Hospital of Science and Technology University of Henan, and the Central Hospital of Xinxiang City from August 2006 to August 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features, treatment and prognosis of the patients were summarized with the review of literature. Results Among the 8 patients, 3 were male and 5 female, aged 40-76 years, with a median of 50 years old. Seven cases were in CML chronic phase, and 1 was in accelerated phase. Seven patients were treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), and only 1 patient was treated with hydroxyurea. In 8 patients, two cases presented with synchronous multiple primary cancer (SMPC), 6 cases presented with heterochrony multiple primary cancer (HMPC). two patients received the operation, 1 patient received the operation and chemotherapy, 4 patients received chemotherapy, and 1 patient received the isotope treatment. One SMPC patient died and another one was under treatment, and 6 HMPC patients were under treatment. ConclusionsThe relationship between CML and solid malignant neoplasm is under discussion, but patients with CML and solid malignant neoplasm are not unusual. Clinicians should raise awareness to avoid misdiagnosis. The treatment should follow the two main lines that are comprehensive treatment and individualized treatment.
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Objective To explore the risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Method The clinical data of 313 VLBW newborns aged under 3 days from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the improved KDIGO standard of neonatal AKI, the difference between AKI (group AKI) and non AKI (group NAKI) newborns was compared, and the risk factors of AKI and mortality of AKI infants were analyzed. Results In the 313 VLBW infants, 126 had AKI and the incidence rate was 40.3％. There were 53 cases at stage 1 (42.1％), 43 cases at stage 2 (34.1％), and 30 cases at stage 3 (23.8％). Compared with NAKI group, patients in AKI group were lower in gestational age, birth weight, 5-minute Apgar score, critical score and mean arterial pressure. Furthermore, AKI group was higher in mother's age, incidence of premature rupture of membranes and respiratory failure. Also, white blood cells number and procalcitonin level were higher; albumin and sodium levels were lower; more cases had invasive mechanical ventilation after birth; time of mechanical ventilation was longer; mortality were higher in AKI group. There were statistically differences (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age, respiratory failure and invasive mechanical ventilation at birth were independent risk factors for AKI in VLBW infants. More severe acidosis and associated pulmonary hemorrhage at admission were the independent risk factors for the death caused by AKI in children. Conclusions Short gestational age, respiratory failure, and invasive mechanical ventilation at birth significantly increased the risk of AKI in VLBW infants. The more severe metabolic acidosis and pulmonary hemorrhage increased the risk of death in AKI children .
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Objective To investigate whether follicular helper T(Tfh) cells were involved in the development of Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura(HSP) and Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis(HSPN) in chil-dren through affecting CD40/CD40L axis. Methods Fifty-five subjects were enrolled in this study and di-vided into four groups as follows:22 children with HSP but without renal involvement(Group A),11 chil-dren with HSPN presenting with microhematuria(Group B),11 children with HSPN presenting with micro-hematuria and proteinuria (Group C) and 11 healthy children (control group). Flow cytometry was per-formed to detect the percentages of CD19+B cells and their subsets,CD19+B cells and CD19+CD38+B cells secreting different Ig classes,CD19+CD40+B cells and their subsets and Tfh cells expressing CD40 ligand (CD40L). Results Compared with the control group,the percentages of CD19+CD86+B,CD19+CD138+B and CD40L+Tfh cells significantly increased in Group C(P<0.05) and slightly increased in Groups A and B (P>0.05). No significant difference in the percentages of CD19+B cells, CD19+CD27+B cells, CD19+B cells or CD19+CD38+B cells expressing IgG, IgM, IgD, CD19+B cells or CD19+B cell subsets secreting CD40 was found between the control group and Groups A,B and C(P>0.05). Moreover,the percentages of CD19+B and CD19+CD38+B cells secreting IgA and IgE in Groups A,B and C were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Secretion of IgA by CD19+B and CD19+CD38+B cells were positively correla-ted with the expression of CD40L by Tfh cells(P<0.05). Conclusion Tfh cell-mediated abnormal expres-sion of CD40/CD40L might play an important role in the development of HSP and be related to the clinical severity of renal involvement in HSPN.
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Objective To evaluate the synergistic effect of everolimus on cisplatin-mediated cytotoxicity against human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma COLO-16 cells.Methods Cultured COLO-16 cells were divided into several groups to be treated with everolimus at different concentrations of 50,100 and 200 nmol/L or 25 μmol/L cisplatin for 12 and 24 hours.Acridine orange (AO)-labeled autophagic vesicles combined with lysomal enzyme inhibitors (E64d and pepstatin) were used to detect the levels of autophagy and autophagic flow.Western blot analysis was performed to track the conversion of the autophagosome marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain-3 (LC3)-Ⅰ to LC3-Ⅱ,as well as to detect cleavage levels of Caspase 3 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP).Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was conducted to detect cell death,and Annexin V-EGFP staining to evaluate cell apoptosis.Results The LC3-Ⅱ / LC3-Ⅰ ratios (LC3-Ⅰ conversion to LC3-Ⅱ) after 12-and 24-hour treatment did not differ among the 50-,100-and 200-nmol/L everolimus groups (12 hours:3.52 ± 0.21 vs.4.03 ± 0.39 vs.5.05 ± 0.22,P ＞ 0.05;24 hours:3.38 ± 0.26 vs.3.29 ± 0.06 vs.6.57 ± 0.16,P ＞ 0.05),but were significantly higher in the three everolimus groups than in the control group receiving no treatment (12 hours:2.07 ± 0.05,P ＜ 0.05;24 hours:2.61 ± 0.16,P ＜ 0.05).After 12-hour treatment,no significant differences were observed in the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ to β-actin between the 50-nmol/L everolimus + E64d + pepstatin group (1.26 ± 0.40),100-nmol/L everolimus ± E64d + pepstatin group (1.16 ± 0.34),200-nmol/L everolimus + E64d + pepstatin group (1.21 ± 0.39) and E64d + pepstatin group (1.19 ± 0.27,P ＞ 0.05).Moreover,there was no significant difference in the percentages of autophagic vesicle-positive cells between the 100-nmol/L everolimus + E64d + pepstatin group and E64d + pepstatin group (2.06％ ± 0.61％ vs.1.68％ ± 0.62％,P ＞ 0.05).After 24-hour treatment,the everolimus + cisplatin group showed significantly increased rate of cell death compared with the cisplatin alone group (42.58％ ± 0.93％ vs.18.20％ ± 1.46％).However,no significant differences were observed in the cleavage levels of Caspase 3 and PARP,the number of annexin V-labelled cells and ratio of LC3-Ⅱ to β-actin between the everolimus + cisplatin group and the cisplatin-alone group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Everolimus has a synergistic effect on the cisplatin-mediated COLO-16 cell death,and this effect does not depend on cell apoptosis or autophagy.
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Objective To investigate the role of neutrophils and their IgA Fc receptor CD89 in the occurrence of Henoch-Sch（o）nlein purpura (HSP),to evaluate their effects on vascular endothelial cell apoptosis,and to explore their mechanisms.Methods Peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated from 30 children with acute HSP and 9 age-matched healthy controls separately.After isolation of serum IgA by Jacalin affinity chromatography,IgA was purified by polypropylene dextran gel chromatography.Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression of CD89 on neutrophils respectively,and flow cytometry was conducted to measure the expression of neutrophil activation marker CD11b.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were co-cultured with neutrophils isolated from patients with HSP (HSP group) and healthy controls (healthy control group) separately.Moreover,the HSP group were divided into 3 subgroups to be treated with serum IgA isolated from the HSP patients (HSP IgA group),monomeric IgA (mIgA group) and phosphate-buffered saline (blank control group) respectively.Then,flow cytometry was conducted to detect apoptosis of co-cultured HUVEC,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)to measure levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the supernatant of co-cultured cells.Results There was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of CD89 on neutrophils between the patients with HSP and healthy controls (P =0.98),but the protein expression of CD89 was significantly lower in the patients with HSP than in the healthy controls (0.60 ± 0.16 vs.0.83 ± 0.24,P =0.03).The expression of CD1 1b on neutrophils was significantly higher in the patients with HSP than in the healthy controls (1 880.25 ± 388.29 vs.1 109.25 ± 364.25,P ＜ 0.01).The apoptosis rate of co-cultured HUVEC was also significantly higher in the HSP group than in the healthy control group (37.44％ ± 5.49％ vs.17.14％ ± 4.45％,P ＜ 0.01).In addition,the H SP IgA group showed significantly higher apoptosis rate of cocultured HUVEC and levels of IL-8 and TNF-cα in the supematant compared with the mIgA group (all P ＜0.01) and blank control group (P ＜ 0.01,=0.01,=0.02,respectively).Conclusions Peripheral blood neutrophils in patients with HSP are activated,which can induce the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells.HSP IgA can promote the neutrophil-mediated apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells and secretion of IL-8 and TNF-α,while mIgA may show a certain inhibitory effects.
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Objective To investigate the effect of interleukin(IL)-17 on podocyte-associated factors and apoptosis in podocytes and explore the molecular mechanism.Methods The podocytes were used as the object of study.The apoptosis of podocytes induced by IL-17 in a dose（1nm/ml，10nm/ml，50nm/ml，100nm/ml） and time（12h，24h，48h，72h） way and the protein expression of Fas and FasL of podocytes induced by IL-17 were detected by flow cytometrey.The podocytes were divided into the blank control group and 100ng/ml IL-17 induction group.The expressions of mRNA of Nephrin，WT1，Synaptopodin，Podocylaxin，Fas and FasL were measured by Real-time RT PCR.The proteins of WT1，Caspases8，Caspases3 in podocyte were detected by immunocytochemistry method.Results IL-17 promoted the apopotosis of podocyte in a dose and time way（P<0.01），and increased the expression of Fas，Caspase 8 and Caspase 3 in podocyte（P<0.01）.IL-17 decreased the expression ofPodocylaxin （P<0.05），but had no effect on Nephrin，WT1，Synaptopodin，and FasL in podocyte（P＞0.05）.Conclusion IL-17 may causerenal injure by inducing the apoptosis of podocyte and decreasing the expression of Podocylaxin in podocyte.
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Objective To understand the situation of iodine nutrition in school children aged 8-10 and pregnant women in Jinping County of Guizhou Province,and to provide a scientific reference for control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).Methods Based on Surveillance Scheme of IDD of Guizhou Province (2012),no less than 40 children aged 8-10 and 20 pregnant women were chosen as the research subjects according to the east,west,south,north,and centre 5 directions in Jinping County of Guizhou Province in 2015;a total of 222 children aged 8-10 (half males and half females) and 111 pregnant women were chosen.Arsenic and cerium catalysis spectrophotometry method (WS/T 107-2006) was used to detect urinary iodine content of children and pregnant women;direct titration was used to detect edible salt iodine content from pregnant women.Results The median of urinary iodine of children was 252.0 μg/L in Jinping County in 2015,＜ 100 μg/L accounted for 12.16％ (27/222),100-199 μg/L accounted for 23.42％ (52/222),200-299 μg/L accounted for 27.03％ (60/222),and ≥ 300 μg/L accounted for 37.39％ (83/222);the medians of urinary iodine of children aged 8,9 and 10 were 225.5,252.0 and 286.0 μg/L,respectively;the medians of urinary iodine of male and female children were 237.0 and 255.0 μg/L,respectively;the median of urinary iodine of pregnant women was 198.0 μg/L,＜ 150 μg/L accounted for 35.14％ (39/111),150-249 μg/L accounted for 33.33％ (37/111),and ≥250 μg/L accounted for 31.53％ (35/111);the median of salt iodine from pregnant women was 27.8 mg/kg,21-39 mg/kg accounted for 94.59％ (105/111),the coverage rate of iodized salt was 100.00％ (111/111),the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 94.59％ (105/111).Conclusions The median of urinary iodine of children in Jinping County is high,the iodized salt coverage and qualified iodized salt consumption rates are up to the requirements,and the salt iodization standards are still have some space for downward adjustment.
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Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) combined with hypercoagulability in children. Methods The clinical data of 57 children with primary PNS were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features and treatment were compared among high coagulation state group, non high coagulation state group and control group (20 children). At the same time, the differences between the simple nephrotic syndrome group (SNS) and nephritic syndrome group (NNS) in hypercoagulable state were analyzed. In addition, the correlation analysis was performed. Results Among 57 patients, there were 50 patients in high coagulation state group and 7 in non high coagulation state group. There was no significant difference in gender, age and clinical manifestations between two groups (P>0.05). The platelet (PLT) count, platelet aggregation (PCT), albumin (Alb), fibrinogen (Fib), D-dimer (D2) were significantly higher than those in the control group, and there were statistically significant differences (P all0.05). All of the 57 patients were improved and has no thrombosis after the treatment. Conclusion Children with primary PNS were usually associated with different degrees of hypercoagulable state, and PLT, Fib, D2 could be used as reference indices for the severity of hypercoagulable state, and the activation of complement system might be related to the occurrence and development of hypercoagulable state.
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BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s have immunomodulatory properties and have potential applications in immunosuppression. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the isolation and culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and the immunoregulation of CD8+T lymphocytes. METHODS:Primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated from Wistar rats by bone marrow adherence method. The primary cel s were purified by differential adherence and digestion, and col agen type I was added as extracel ular matrix to expand bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. Passage 2 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s at densities of 0, 1×103, 1×104 and 1×105/wel were co-cultured with CD8+T lymphocytes, fol owed by phytohemagglutinin stimulation for 68 hours. T lymphocyte aggregation and proliferation were detected by staining with staining with 5,6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester and MTT, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different concentrations of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s had an inhibitory effect on T lymphocytes, but this effect was weakest for the cel s at the density of 1×103 per wel and strongest for the cel s at the density of 1×105 per wel . Obvious agglomeration was observed in the same media. The proliferation rates of CD8+T lymphocytes were (44.83±4.92)%, (31.94±6.28)%and (15.77±3.98)%, respectively, after co-culture with 1×103, 1×104, 1×105/wel bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. There were significant differences between groups (P<0.05). These results showed that primary rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s could be obtained by direct adherence method of the whole bone marrow, and the cel s could be purified by differential adherence combined with digestion and control method. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s could inhibit T lymphocyte proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Objective To develop and validate a method for detecting factor 8 gene (F8) mutations in hemophilia A patients by Ion Torrent semiconductor sequencing .Methods Intron 22 and intron 1 inversions of F8 gene were identified by long distance PCR (LD-PCR), other mutations in the F8 gene were identified by Ion Torrent sequencing.Candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing .Sanger sequencing was applied to screen HA carriers from 11 female family members in the 8 pedigrees.One pregnant woman was offered prenatal diagnosis via analyzing the fetal DNA obtained through amniocentesis . Results Four missense mutations ( c.1331A >C, 1648C >T, c.6506G >A, c.6544C >T), two frameshift mutations ( c.2393 _2394insT, c.6320delG), one splicing mutation ( IVS5 +5G >A), one nonsense mutation (c.43C >T) and one Inv22 mutation were identified in all nine probands respectively . Among 11 female family members, 10 females were identified to be HA carriers, and one didn′t carry the maternal pathogenic mutation.Prenatal diagnosis result showed that the fetus inherited the wild -type maternal allele and was predicted to be unaffected by HA .Conclusion The targeted Ion Torrent sequencing is a reliable and efficient method to detect F8 mutations in patients with Hemophilia A disease .
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To evaluate the absorptive characteristics of furfural onto biomass charcoals derived from rice husk pyrolysis, we studied the information of the structure and surface chemistry properties of the rice husk charcoals modified by thermal treatment under nitrogen and carbon dioxide flow and adsorption mechanism of furfural. The modified samples are labeled as RH-N2 and RH-CO2. Fresh rice husk charcoal sample (RH-450) and modified samples were characterized by elemental analysis, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Boehm titration. The results show that fresh rice husk charcoal obtained at 450 degrees C had a large number of organic groups on its surface and poor pore structure. After the modification under nitrogen and carbon dioxide flow, oxygenic organics in rice husk charcoals decompose further, leading to the reduction of acidic functional groups on charcoals surface, and the increase of the pyrone structures of the basic groups. Meanwhile, pore structure was improved significantly and the surface area was increased, especially for the micropores. This resulted in the increase of π-π dispersion between the surfaces of rice husk charcoals and furfural molecular. With making comprehensive consideration of π-π dispersion and pore structure, the best removal efficiency of furfural was obtained by rice husk charcoal modified under carbon dioxide flow.
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Adsorption , Biomass , Carbon Dioxide , Charcoal , Furaldehyde , Chemistry , Nitrogen , Oryza , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the dynamic expression of mRNA and protein of surfactant protein C (SPC),E-cadherin (E-cad),N-cadherin (N-cad) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and elucidate the significance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a newborn rat model of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).Methods A newborn rat model of BPD in hyperoxia was established,and a control group exposed to air was established.Lung tissue was collected on days 3,7,14,and 21,respectively.Alveolar development was evaluated by radical alveolar counts(RAC),including thickness of alveolar septum,ratio of alveolar and septa.Real-time PCR and Western-blot were used to detect levels of markers of epithelial cells (SPC,E-cad) and interstitial cells (N-cad,α-SMA) in AT2 and protein expression.Results On day 7,14,and 21,compared with the control group,RAC (7.38 ± 0.92,9.25 ± 0.70,9.88 ± 0.99) and alveolar area/pulmonary septal area ratios (A/S) (2.53 ± 0.02,3.34 ± 0.09,3.96 ± 0.13) were all higher in BPD group [RAC (5.88 ± 0.83,5.14 ± 0.83,4.38 ± 0.52) and A/S (1.88 ± 0.03,1.95 ± 0.03,1.89 ± 0.02)] (all P ＜ 0.05) ; the alveolar septum (8.53 ± 0.04,10.75 ± 0.46,13.55 ± 0.84) in BPD group were thicker than those (5.77 ± 0.09,4.40 ± 0.12,3.67 ± 0.18) in the control group (all P ＜ 0.01).The expressions of SPC and α-SMA in BPD group were significantly higher than those in the control group on day 14 and 21 (all P ＜ 0.05).The level of E-cad mRNA (2.43 ± 0.60,2.59 ± 0.48,3.37 ± 0.53) and protein (18.39 ± 1.77,18.29 ± 1.52,11.48 ± 1.72) for E-cad were higher in the control group than those (mRNA:1.48 ± 0.55,1.57 ± 0.48,1.12 ± 0.45 ;protein:9.50 ± 1.38,8.57 ± 1.06,8.22 ± 1.31) in BPD group was lower(P ＜ 0.05),while the level of N-cad was significantly higher(P ＜ 0.05) on day 7,14,and 21.Conclusions In the development of BPD,the markers of lung epithelial cells were down regulation,while the markers of interstitial cells were up-regulation,and these findings suggest that EMT from lung epithelial cells contributes to the occurrence of BPD.